风致雪漂移的风洞试验方法和观测研究
WIND TUNNEL TEST METHOD OF SNOW DRIFTING AND OBSERVATION RESEARCH
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摘要: 雪粒在较大风力作用下会发生复杂的漂移现象,称为风致雪漂移,导致建筑物表面的积雪产生不均匀分布,严重时会导致引发建筑的坍塌。为了得到能应用于具体工程中的风致雪飘移的模拟和研究方法,该文采用风洞试验和实地观测两种方法进行了初步的研究。通过风洞试验,探讨了雪花白堆积曲线随时间和随风速的变化规律和雪花白粘结力对试验结果的影响;河沙的风洞试验中则围绕和实测曲线吻合较好的工况进行了数据分析。通过实地观测,测试了低风速下高低屋面模型的积雪分布,并与国外文献进行了对比分析。Abstract: Non-uniform distribution of snow caused by snowdrift may result in structural damage in snow and wind areas. In order to obtain the simulation and test methods of snowdrift for engineering practice, wind tunnel tests and field observations were used to carry out preliminary research. By wind tunnel tests, we investigated the changing of accumulating thickness of simulating materials with time and wind velocity, and moreover, the effect of bond force on tests results. By field observation, the snow distribution on stepped flat roofs was measured and compared with former research.