近断层地震动脉冲特性研究综述

STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW ON PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF NEAR-FAULT GROUND MOTIONS

  • 摘要: 近20年来近断层地震动的脉冲效应获得了广泛关注,其与震源过程和结构地震破坏关系密切。该文首先对近断层地震动中速度脉冲的成因进行简要概括,而后对近断层强震记录处理、脉冲识别与特性参数获取方法进行了系统回顾,最后对现有研究中获得的脉冲个数、脉冲周期和脉冲幅值与地震参数间的统计关系进行比较。认为强震记录处理的传统分段校正方法无法在频域最大可能复原有效地震动信息,还存在脉冲识别与提取方法主要基于向前方向性效应引发、相关脉冲参数统计分析中对地质构造和断层类型考虑不足等问题。建议后续研究中多关注基于时频分析的基线校正方法,深入研究滑冲效应引起的脉冲、竖向地震动中的脉冲特性以及地质构造和断层破裂过程等因素对脉冲特性参数的影响。

     

    Abstract: The pulse-like properties of near-fault ground motions are of great importance in earthquake engineering in the recent twenty years. They are closely related to the rupture process and structural damage. The causes of these pulses are briefly summarized, and the baseline correction methods and identification procedures of near-fault pulse-like ground motions are systematically reviewed. Furthermore, a comparison is conducted on the statistical relationship between the earthquake parameters and pulse properties, such as the number of inherent pulses, pulse period and pulse amplitude. The results show that the traditional baseline correction methods cannot effectively recover the earthquake information in the frequency domain, that the existing identification and extraction procedures of inherent pulses mainly focus on the pulses induced by the directivity effect, and that the influence of tectonic conditions and fault types on the statistical analyses of pulse parameters has not been adequately considered. We suggested that more attention should be paid to the time-frequency based baseline correction methods, that the pulses induced by fling-step effect and the impulsive characteristic of vertical components of ground motions should not be overlooked, and that the influence of tectonic conditions and fault types on the near-fault pulse characteristics need further studies.

     

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