Abstract: This paper is to study the post-earthquake failure probability model of the typical shallow-buried rectangular frame subway station structure. Nine existing subway stations with rectangular frame section are selected as the study objects, and the three-dimensional numerical model considering soil-structure interaction is established on Abaqus/standard finite element software platform. Based on the seismic performance curve obtained by pushover analysis of the underground structure, the limit of the inter-story drift ratio has been defined for each subway station. The probabilistic seismic demand model of the subway station structure is established based on the result of incremental dynamical analysis, and the seismic vulnerability curves of different subway station structures are plotted. It is found there are huge differences between the post-earthquake failure of different subway stations, and the average shear wave velocity of site plays an important role in the seismic vulnerability analysis of the underground structure, especially the free field response results of the soil layer at the same height as the structure. The deformation capacity of the underground frame structure itself is also one of the important factors affecting the failure probability of the structural post-earthquake failure. The finding could effectively strengthen the understanding of the seismic performance of the current shallow buried underground frame structure, and could provide a scientific reference for the performance-based seismic design of the shallow buried subway station underground frame structure.