Abstract: To enhance the seismic performance of Chuan-dou timber structures with severely damaged nodes, the test model with predetermined damage was reinforced assembled clamp hoops with adjustable stiffness. Shaking table tests were conducted to simulate the seismic response of both the intact structure and the reinforced structure. Four types of seismic inputs, namely El Centro wave, Taft wave, Wenchuan wave, and artificial wave, were selected to investigate the dynamic characteristics and seismic response behavior under diverse working conditions. Simultaneously, the seismic performance of the test model assessed using the Seismic Assessment Code, while the reinforcing effect of the assembled clamp hoops quantitatively evaluated through the dissipation index of structure. The results show that both models are in elastic phase under the frequent earthquakes (0.035 g), and their overall structural responses remain basically identical. For the maximum considered earthquakes (0.220 g), the power coefficient of the reinforced structure at the top of the second floor column is more significantly attenuated compared to the intact structure. Moreover, the overall displacement response of the reinforced structure is smaller than that of the intact structure, the interstory displacement angle decreases from 1/81 to 1/109 and the torsional response of the structure decreases. Assessing the structural energy dissipation under the maximum considered earthquake, the cumulative energy dissipation index reveals an increase of 21.02% for the overall structure and 4.30% for the reinforced floors, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the assembled clamp hoops with adjustable stiffness can effectively improve the seismic performance of Chuan-dou timber structures. Furthermore, the cumulative energy consumption index can effectively make up for the inadequacy of the current seismic appraisal standards for quantitative assessment of reinforcement effects.