基于现场实测的下击暴流风场特性研究

WIND FIELD CHARACTERISTICS OF DOWNBURST BASED ON FIELD MEASUREMENT

  • 摘要: 下击暴流对工程结构具有极大的危害性,为了研究下击暴流的风场特性,基于深圳356 m气象梯度塔记录的29组下击暴流事件,统计分析了下击暴流的时变平均风和脉动风特性。结果表明:下击暴流风速爬升段的持续时间最短,峰值段的持续时间最长;下击暴流时变平均风大致有4类形态,其“鼻型”风速廓线主要出现在风速爬升段和峰值段;随高度增加,下击暴流样本的湍流强度均值略有减小,但减小幅度明显小于良态风,标准差则呈先增大而后减小的趋势;湍流积分尺度的均值和标准差均随高度增加而增大,其均值也明显低于良态风;下击暴流样本间功率谱的差异在爬升段最大,峰值段最小,且爬升段风谱与von Karman谱和Solari谱具有较好的一致性。

     

    Abstract: Downbursts are extremely hazardous to engineering structures. In order to study the wind field characteristics of downbursts, the time-varying mean wind and pulsating wind characteristics of downbursts are statistically analyzed based on 29 sets of downburst events recorded at the 356 m meteorological gradient tower in Shenzhen. The results show that the duration of downburst wind speed is the shortest in the ramp-up stage and the longest in the peak stage. The time-varying mean wind patterns of the downbursts can be classified into four categories. The nose shape of the wind profiles appears mainly at velocity ramp-up stage and peak stage. With the increase of height, the mean turbulence intensity of the downburst samples decreases slightly, but the decreasing amplitude is obviously smaller than that of the synoptic winds, and the standard deviation increases first and then decreases. Both the mean and standard deviation of the turbulence integral scale increase with height, and the mean value is also significantly lower than that of the synoptic winds. The differences in power spectra density between the downburst records are greatest in the ramp-up stage and least in the peak stage, and the wind spectra in the ramp-up stage is in good agreement with the von Karman and Solari spectra.

     

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