Abstract: In order to protect the bridge abutment from damage and destruction caused by vehicle impact, this paper proposes a new type of anti-collision energy-absorbing device to guarantee the safety of bridge abutment while absorbing part of the impact energy of the vehicle. Based on the nonlinear finite element software LS-DYNA, the numerical model of the new type of collision avoidance energy-absorbing device under vehicle impact is established, and its important energy-absorbing component - U-shaped damper is analyzed in detail. The classical low-speed impact test of steel plate and the impact test of reinforced concrete beam are simulated and verified, and the analysis results show that the numerical model used in this paper can better simulate the deflection, impact force and deformation morphology of steel and concrete under the impact. Based on this modeling method, the energy dissipation capacity and failure form of the U-shaped damper under different cross-sectional parameters are studied, the opening of the U-shaped damper is optimized, and the dynamic characteristics of ordinary bridge piers and the bridge piers protected by new anti-collision energy-absorbing devices under vehicle impact are compared. The results show that: the U-shaped damper reaches the best energy absorption capacity after the improvement of cross-sectional multi-parameter and the optimization of opening; under the effect of vehicle impact, the new type of anti-collision energy-absorbing device can play a good role in protecting the internal bridge pier columns, and it can be used in the bridge protection project.