考虑风浪-涌浪相关性的随机向量过程模拟

THE SIMULATION OF STOCHASTIC VECTOR PROCESSES CONSIDERING THE CORRELATION OF WIND-GENERATED-WAVE AND SWELL

  • 摘要: 目前,工程上在海洋工程结构进行设计计算时,常忽略涌浪这一显著的低频动力荷载,这可能为浮式海上风机、跨海桥梁等柔性结构全寿期内的正常服役带来隐患。实际环境中风浪和涌浪均具有显著的随机性,且往往同时存在、相互作用,其统计规律存在显著相关性,利用上述特点,该文通过将实测海面高程记录分离为风浪和涌浪,并分别研究各自的工程特性和两者功率谱的相关结构,以唯象地研究风浪-涌浪相互作用的规律,进而提出一种考虑风浪-涌浪相关性的随机过程模拟方法。首先,为实现有效的风浪-涌浪分离,该文引入了经验模态分解(EMD)方法对实测记录分解,此方法避免了传统分离方法直接对海面高程的功率谱截断所带来的能量残留问题;随后,通过识别风浪和涌浪的功率谱参数,构建了参数的相关性矩阵,结果表明风浪-涌浪之间具有显著的线性相关性;进一步采用Copula函数和拟合回归实现了考虑相关性的风浪-涌浪功率谱参数建模;最后通过引入风浪-涌浪的相干函数模型,利用本征正交分解(POD)方法实现了风浪-涌浪随机向量过程的一体化同步模拟。数值算例表明,模拟的代表性样本具有显著的波浪工程特性,并从实测记录、均值、标准差、功率谱、相干函数等层面验证了该文建议模型的正确性和工程适用性。

     

    Abstract: Currently, in the design and calculation of offshore engineering structures, the considerable low-frequency dynamic stress caused by swell is usually ignored. This simplification might potentially jeopardize the reliable operation of flexible structures, such as offshore wind turbines, for their entire lifespan. Wind-generated wave and swell are both stochastic processes that frequently occur together in the field. There exists a notable link between the statistical patterns of the two entities. In order to exploit these attributes, this study categorizes the recorded sea surface elevation data into wind-generated wave and swell components, and examines their distinct engineering properties and the interrelationship of their power spectrum density function. A novel stochastic process simulation method is introduced, which takes into account the link between aforementioned components. This paper introduces the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method as a means to effectively separate wind-generated wave and swell. This method avoids the energy vacuum problem that arises when traditional separation methods directly truncate the power spectrum of sea surface elevation. Afterwards, the power spectrum parameters of wind-generated wave and swell were identified, and a correlation matrix of these parameters was created. The results indicated a strong linear association between wind-generated wave and swell. In addition, the Copula function and regression fitting were employed to estimate the characteristics of the wind wave surge power spectrum, taking into account the correlation. Finally, the implementation of a consistent function model for wind wave surge allowed for the successful integration of synchronous simulation of the random vector process of wind wave surge through the use of the POD approach. The numerical examples demonstrate that the simulated representative samples exhibit notable wave engineering characteristics. Furthermore, the accuracy and engineering applicability of the proposed model are confirmed through various measures such as measured records, mean, standard deviation, power spectrum, and coherence function.

     

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