Abstract: Shaking table test is one of the effective means to study the dynamic response of a engineering structure induced by earthquakes. In the shaking table test model design for large aqueduct structures, there are technical difficulties such as simulating the fluid-structure coupling effect inside the aqueduct and simulating the seismic isolation support between the top of the pier and the aqueduct. Based on the design of a shaking table test model of a beam-type aqueduct structure and on the similarity relationship of dynamic models, this paper proposes a design method of shaking table test model and a design method of vibration reduction and isolation devices based on Housner's model considering its fluid-solid coupling effect. Considering the different water pressure characteristics in the aqueduct under gravity and horizontal seismic action, a counterweight iron basket with a device reduced friction at the bottom and a bolt pre-jacking between the top basket and the inner aqueduct wall is designed to simulate the impulsive water pressure under fluid-structure coupling action. A spring mass system hanged at the aqueduct top is used to simulate the convective water pressure. The hydrostatic pressure inside the aqueduct wall is simulated by adjusting the bolt pre-jacking force at the top of the counterweight iron basket. Solved are the difficulty in simulating model water in the vibration table test of the aqueduct model and the limitations of the vibration table equipment on liquid loading on the platform. According to the horizontal shear force - horizontal deformation skeleton curve of the actual support, the model support is designed and manufactured using a similar method of stiffness and yield bearing capacity to achieve seismic reduction and isolation devices between the top of the pier and the aqueduct. The vibration table test model design method proposed has a reference significance for the design of similar fluid-structure coupling models.