Abstract: To address the shortcomings of traditional anchor plates, a T-shaped anchor plate support structure is proposed for reinforcing fill slopes. The structure consists of horizontal and vertical plates, which collectively provide uplift bearing capacity through frictional resistance between the horizontal plate and the soil, combined with passive earth pressure on the bearing surface of the vertical plate, thereby enhancing the overall uplift performance of the anchor plate. Additionally, the horizontal plate in the T-shaped configuration restrains the vertical plate, mitigating the tilting deformation during construction and under working conditions, thus improving the structural stability. Based on the limit equilibrium method and a logarithmic spiral slip surface, a calculation model for the uplift bearing capacity of this supporting structure and slope stability was established. Through comparative analysis with slopes reinforced by traditional anchor plates, the advantages of the T-shaped anchor plates in slope reinforcement were verified. The finite element software PLAXIS 3D was used to establish the model of a slope reinforced with the T-shaped anchor plates, and the results were compared with theoretical calculations, confirming the rationality of the theoretical model. According to the finite element analysis results, a length ratio of vertical plate to horizontal plate of 1∶7 is a reasonable choice for the T-shaped anchor plate. Under this configuration, while using the same amount of material, the safety factor of the slope supported by the T-shaped anchor plates is 25.33% higher than that of the slopes reinforced with traditional anchor plates. Displacement nephograms show that the deformation of the slope reinforced with the T-shaped anchor plates primarily occurs at the middle and upper sections. In practical engineering, variable cross-sectional dimensions can be adopted to reinforce the slope, increasing the size of the anchor plates in the middle and upper sections while reducing the size in the lower section, thereby controlling the slope deformation. Analysis of different vertical spacing parameters indicates that a vertical spacing of 3m for the T-shaped anchor plates is a reasonable choice. Using transient seepage simulation of rainfall, a calculation model for the safety factor of unsaturated slopes supported by the T-shaped anchor plates was established. Under conditions of surcharge at the slope crest and varying rainfall intensities, the safety factor of the initially dry slope first increases and then decreases with the duration of rainfall.