Abstract: Based on the Tajimi model, the distribution characteristics of vertical frictional resistance and Winkler parameters of the soil surrounding the pile under different end-bearing conditions are investigated. The governing equations are established by considering the surrounding soil as an elastic continuous medium, and the expressions of vertical displacement and frictional resistance of the surrounding soil with undetermined coefficients are obtained by solving the governing equations using the method of separated variables. Utilizing the concept of virtual soil pile, the pile and the underlying soil column at the bottom of the pile are considered as one-dimensional rods to establish their governing equations. Considering the soil-pile interaction and the boundary conditions, the coefficients are derived, and the analytical expressions for the friction resistance and Winkler parameters of the soil around the vertically loaded single pile are given. Based on the obtained analytical solutions, the distribution characteristics of frictional resistance and Winkler parameters of surrounding soil for friction piles and end-bearing piles with different values of pile-soil modulus ratio and pile slenderness ratio are analyzed, and the analytical expressions for the equivalent Winkler parameters of the surrounding soil of the friction and end-bearing piles are derived and the simplified fitting formulas are given.