Abstract: Through the shear bearing test of 12 grouting material width replacement reinforced RC beams with three shear span ratios, the influence of width reinforcement method on beam failure modes, load-deflection relationships, stirrup strain, concrete (grouting material) strain of single-sided repalcement beams and other indicators was compared and analyzed. The results show that: under different shear span ratios, cracks appear first and are more densely on the grouting material side of the single-sided replacement beam; the ultimate failure of the beam is determined by the grouting material, and there is a difference in the inclination angles of diagonal cracks on both sides; the stirrups on both sides yield at the same time and the failure time of materials on both sides is close. With the increase of the shear span ratio, the cracking load and peak load of beam specimens decrease, while the deflection corresponding to the peak load increases; Compared with ordinary concrete beams, the cracking loads and corresponding deflections of single-side and double-side replacement beams decrease at different shear span ratios, and the peak loads increase. Based on the truss-arch model, a calculation method for the shear bearing capacity of RC beams reinforced by grouting material width replacement is established. The calculated values show good agreement with the test values and are slightly lower than those derived from GB 50010−2010. This study can provide a reliable theoretical basis for the improvement of RC structure reinforcement theory.