腹板开长圆孔卷边蜂窝梁抗弯性能研究

STUDY ON THE FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE OF WEB OPEN LONG ROUND HOLE CASTELLATED BEAMS WITH EDGE-STIFFENED

  • 摘要: 为降低蜂窝梁腹板开孔对结构承载性能产生的不利影响,本文研究了一种在腹板开孔处进行冲压翻边的蜂窝梁,即卷边蜂窝梁(CBE),通过对1根未卷边和3根卷边的长圆形开孔蜂窝梁进行静载试验,研究了CBE在不同参数下的受力性能与破坏机理。基于试验结果,建立了考虑卷边冷弯效应的精细化有限元模型,验证了模型的可靠性并开展参数化分析,研究了卷边工艺对长圆孔蜂窝梁抗弯性能的增强效果,分析了开孔率、孔间距及腹板厚度对CBE抗弯承载力影响规律。研究结果表明:卷边可显著提高腹板局部稳定性,相较于无卷边试件,增设卷边后试件的极限承载力提升了23.4%,且在大开孔率条件下卷边增强效果更为显著;距高比对CBE承载力的影响较小,在距高比较小时卷边对抑制局部屈曲作用明显;CBE抗弯承载力随腹板高厚比的减小而线性增加,开孔卷边可以作为薄柔腹板的有效加强措施。基于有效宽度法与压弯格构式构件理论,提出了适用于长圆孔CBE的抗弯承载力计算方法,计算结果与试验及有限元结果吻合良好,可为该类构件的工程设计与应用提供理论依据。

     

    Abstract: To mitigate the adverse effects of web openings on the structural load-bearing performance of castellated beams, a type of castellated beam with stamped and hemmed web openings, referred to as the edge-stiffened castellated beam (CBE), was investigated. Static load tests were conducted on one unstiffened and three edge-stiffened castellated beams with long circular openings to study the mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of CBE under different parameters. A refined finite element model considering the cold-bending effect of hemming was established and validated against the experimental results. A parametric analysis was then performed to study the enhancing effect of the hemming process on the flexural performance and to analyze the influence of opening ratio, hole spacing, and web thickness on the flexural bearing capacity of CBE. The results indicate that hemming significantly improves the local stability of the web. The ultimate bearing capacity of the specimens with a flange edge increased by 23.4% compared to the unstiffened specimens, and the strengthening effect is more pronounced under large opening ratios. The distance-to-height ratio has a minor impact on the bearing capacity, but hemming plays a role in suppressing local buckling when this ratio is small. The flexural bearing capacity of CBE increases linearly with the decrease of the web height-to-thickness ratio, indicating that hemming can serve as an effective reinforcement measure for thin and slender webs. Based on the effective section method and the theory of compression-bending lattice members, a calculation method for the flexural bearing capacity of CBE with long circular openings was proposed. The calculation results are in good agreement with both experimental and finite element results, providing a theoretical basis for the engineering design and application of such members.

     

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