Abstract: In order to provide the credible decisions to remove or reinforce the concrete structures suffered fire damage, the safety assessments are needed to analyze their residual load-carrying capacities and service performances. The maximal temperature distribution in concrete structures is one of the most crucial parameters of the structural damage identification and safety assessment due to the close relationship between temperature and material performances. The inverse method is proposed in this paper to estimate the temperature based on the static parameter identification. Finally, compared with test observations, numerical results show that the present study provides a feasible method to predict the temperature gradient, which is important for the safety assessment of concrete structures after fire.